In the very simplest (if a little crude) terms, a startup’s runway is how long it has until the bank account hits $0. That is – how long it has to survive without additional external funding.

It’s especially relevant for early-stage (seed and Series A-stage) startups. Even if they’re gaining traction and generating revenue, they’re still often spending more cash than they’re bringing in.

Runway provides a contextual framework on which to base future spending decisions. 

Investing in things like new hires, equipment or marketing campaigns, for example, will mean runway is reduced. 

Those same investments, however, might lead to revenue growth that extends runway further.

Either way, having a view of your startup’s runway ensures you know whether securing outside capital should be in your roadmap, and when.

Extending runway?

Capital comes in many forms. Tech-enabled businesses could simply extend their runway by bootstrapping, ie increasing sales and revenue and directing that cash into growth.

You could also raise funding from equity investors, or access debt funding to boost short-term growth and extend runway. 

Or, you could use a combination of debt and equity to grow your startup or scaleup in an elastic way – the way that makes the most sense to you.

How to calculate runway for a tech-enabled business

Calculating runway essentially comes down to cash balance and burn rate. How much money do you have in the bank, and how much are you spending?

In reality, of course, it’s a little more complicated than that. Runway also takes into account revenue growth rate, and anticipates any increase or decrease in spending on stock or wages, for example.

When calculating runway for tech-enabled companies, some things to consider include:

  • Cash balance
  • Income
  • Future income increases
  • Monthly expenses
  • Future expense increases
  • Future expense reductions
  • Any planned fundraising

There may well be other factors to consider, depending on the type of business. However, this calculator is designed to provide a relatively simple estimate of runway.

Disclaimer - *This calculator provides an estimate of runway only. Runway depends on many variables and should be calculated with the help of a professional.

(It's best to go onto desktop view to utilise this calculator).

How long should your runway be?

For startups and scaleups, recommendations for ideal runway vary from around 12 months to 36 months. The ‘best’ solution will likely depend on the type of business and the risk appetite of the founders and team.

If your runway dips to six months or less, without the startup hitting its goals or expecting any funding, you will likely have to do some cost-cutting – fast.

On the other hand, a runway that’s too long, especially at the early stages, isn’t all good either. 

A long runway could indicate your startup isn’t growing as quickly as it could be, or making the most of resources. That leaves you vulnerable to competitors and could become a concern for any future investors.

Some also argue that having a tighter runway (ie, one you can’t ignore) can make entrepreneurs more focused. Arguably, a little pressure could help you make the right decisions for your business; and help balance innovation and experimentation with sustainable business practices.

Example

Imagine a hypothetical B2B SaaS startup, providing an AI-powered project management and collaboration tool targeted at small-to-medium creative agencies. 

The business has $600,000 in cash in the bank, and is bringing in about $50,000 in sales income per month. 

However, about $20,000 per month is paid out to vendors, and monthly payroll is $75,000. 

This business would have a little over 12 months’ runway, before it completely runs out of cash.

However, the business’ income is increasing by 10%, month-on-month (with expenses remaining the same). Runway increases accordingly, reaching more than 28 months within six months.

Ultimately, the bank balance is still decreasing, but it’s happening much more slowly.

If the business makes some new hires or increases its marketing or software expenses, for example, that will also decrease runway.

Adding funding into the equation

The same business raises $500,000 in funding, instantly increasing its runway from 12 months to almost 25 months. 

This cash injection allows the business to focus on research and development, or to expand into new markets. Or, it could focus on hiring or investing in new tools – activities that would boost revenue and short-term growth.

How Tractor can help

Tractor Ventures' non-dilutive loans are designed to help tech-enabled businesses make the investments that lead to short-term revenue growth. 

They allow founders and decision-makers to increase runway without having to dilute ownership in the company, and without having to embark on lengthy equity fundraising activities.

Businesses that have revenue can get the cash in the bank to capitalise on momentum – potentially putting them in good stead to raise equity funding later, at a better valuation.

Contact our team if you think non-dilutive funding could be the best way to extend your business’ runway.

Find out more about Tractor's non-dilutive lending solutions.

Take a look at our Tractor Business Loan Calculator.

Weigh up your options with our Cost of Capital Calculator.

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